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… of Salins-les-Bains, which was the second town of Franche-Comté in the middle Ages. It was surrounded by an urban wall … as well as a watch tower on the plateau de Saint-André (in 1265 in the latter). The château Belin and the château Bracon … and the château Belin and the château Bracon remained medieval. This was not enough to prevent the French from …

… to protect the access road, a covered way around the medieval castle and a glacis with two bastions and a curtain … added to the west of the castle on the hill. As for the medieval keep, a floor was removed to accommodate an artillery platform and its thick walls housed a …

… par un château fort, dit Grevenburg ( i.e. château des comtes ) édifié après 1357 par le comte Jean III de Sponheim. Ce château est composé d’un donjon rectangulaire doté de quatre tourelles …

… To do so, he continued the modernisation which Pagan had commenced: the medieval urban wall was totally restored and transformed into … gate, while a barbican became a bastion flank; the former medieval porte Saint-Romain became a military hospital. After …

… Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port History and description A town of medieval origin, situated at the meeting point of the three … formed along the road to Saint James of Compostela. It received its first urban wall in the 14th … an urban wall enclosing and expanding the town. The urban medieval wall was partially replaced by an urban wall equipped …

… Aire-sur-la-Lys History and description A town of medieval origin, situated on the left bank of the Lys, … created a new fortified urban wall on the basis of the medieval fortifications to the east of the town. On the … lie in place of ramparts which were demolished in 1893. To complete the study, a relief map of the town should be …

… This mountain is situated along the line separating the bodies of water between the hydrographic basins of the Garonne … the output in Bas-Languedoc. Louis XIV finally decided to commence construction including drilling from 1666. The … The engineer Niquet continued in the same vein up until 1726. hydraulic construction Pierre-Paul Riquet, Louis-Nicolas …

… Henri IV and during the troubles of the League, the urban medieval wall was replaced by an urban bastioned wall, … the project in 1589 and directed the construction up to its completion in 1595. This urban wall was extended into the … in line with an orthogonal layout, which extended the medieval urban fabric. The urban wall was transformed by …

… fort with a coastal defence. This fort was replaced by a medieval castle from the 12th century. Up to the 16th century, … of around one thousand five hundred people. The medieval castle was surrounded by bastions around 1530 and the … became silted up. In 1667, the Knight of Clerville, Commissioner-General of the fortifications, set up a project …

… modern fortifications were constructed until this time. A medieval urban wall surrounded the small town of Longwy-Haut … 1672, razed to the ground by the French. In 1678, after the combat in the war of Holland came to an end and the set-up … remaining parts of the castle and the small pre-existing medieval town. A new fortified town, given the same name as …

… again and a second urban wall was constructed. These medieval ramparts were repaired multiple times and were … of the Nantes edict in 1685. The engineer Francis Ferry was commissioned with designing the plans. In 1687, he submitted … an esplanade towards the town. Moreover, a portion of the medieval urban wall had to be demolished with this aim in …

… five bastions and dug out dry moats around the medieval castle. Two ravelins were added to the south. The … barracks was constructed. Intended for three thousand soldiers, it was named the building of Three Thousand. An … bastions of the castle included casemates and corridors for communications with musket firing loops. The construction …

… works. The bastion de Longueville, also known as the Quatre Coins (‘Four Corners’), was constructed under his reign … Longuetown was modified. However, these projects remained incomplete at the time of his passing in 1610. The cardinal of … de Rambure was modernised. Under the Restoration, the medieval rampart between the porte de Macardé and the river …

… 1638 par le duc Bernhard de Saxe-Weimar, général allemand combattant pour les armées de Louis XIII, Breisach est … une inspection du ministre Louvois. Cette enceinte est composée de sept fronts bastionnés équipés de huit bastions, … Le système défensif de la tête de pont rejoignant la France comprend un fort carré à quatre bastions et une demi-lune …

… New town of the Ancient Regime, founded on the site of a medieval castle, Rochefort came into existence from 1666. The … Royal household, the seat of authority. The two other welcome the church and market hall. The architect Francis … However, this project came too late. From 1672, a boom town comprising wooden homes of dubious quality flooded the urban …

… valleys intersected. This small fort was replaced by a medieval castle in the 16th century. The first urban wall was … Louis XIV to modernise Briançon. These modernisations commenced with the construction of a first urban wall, … Lagrune. This urban wall saw many segments of the medieval ramparts reused and was very narrow in itself, given …

… le village de Saint-Vincent est détruit par un incendie durant l’invasion savoyarde du duc Victor-Amédée pendant … d’eau de pluie, d’une boulangerie et d’une maison du commandant. Une seconde porte, équipée d’un hourd, perce le …

… Saint-Paul-de-Vence History and description A town of medieval origin, Saint-Paul-de-Vence had its first … the construction was limited to consolidation of the medieval walls. But it was not until 1544 that the bastions … the July Monarchy, the ramparts underwent a restoration completed to repair the damage caused by their abandonment …

… six years after the town had been taken by the Dutch. The medieval defence system employing water was also improved at … the outside and the flood defences, remodelled the medieval keep and constructed a barracks and a powder keg. In 1682, he recommended downgrading Bouchain, considering it of no use. …

… bastions, moats and a glacis were built in front of the medieval ramparts, under Henri II and Charles IX. Their main … of Montreuil at the start of the 17th century. The medieval castle was demolished to make way for an irregular …

… urban wall in Antibes was built in Late Antiquity. In medieval times, a further urban wall including multiple round … excesses. On each occasion, the town was conquered and completely devastated. To guard against any repeat, Francis … new urban wall surrounding the former outer suburbs. The medieval urban wall was removed. New fortification was …

… Montmédy History and description An agglomeration of medieval origin, the site of Montmédy had its first … a urban wall surrounded the Upper Town (Ville Haute) to complete the defensive set-up. From 1544, Charles Quint … was constructed during this period, on the site of the medieval castle, which disappeared. Captured by France in …

… in a royal stronghold. In 1689, Vauban updated the medieval urban wall by adding to the main gate. This work saw … with new firing chambers. A project from 1694 remained incomplete. In 1837, the July Monarchy modernised the site by … le Prestre de Vauban Finistère Current state The medieval urban wall has been entirely preserved. It can be …

… returned to France in 1450. The castle and the medieval ramparts were then restored at the time. In the … importance of the port which faced England. In 1639, the commissioner general of the navy of Louis XIII, Louis le … in 1687, they were abandoned by Louvois in 1689. The medieval castle was demolished in 1688. Other projects were …

… This was the bastion of Egmont, which replaced the medieval castle by enclosing it. In 1577, platforms for … Netherlands Spanish, multiple other bastions and ravelins completed the defences. Certain projects remained unrealised … and Richerand transformed the bastion of Egmont and the medieval castle into an entrenched construction. The covered …

… fortifications there. The latter proceeded to have the medieval urban wall demolished and built what is the current … were demolished for these modifications. The frame of two medieval gates is preserved. The construction commenced in 1679 and was completed in 1685. The new urban …

… In the 14th century, the area of the urban wall and the medieval castle peaked. When the county of Nice was connected … on the orders of Emmanuel-Philibert I of Savoy. A hornwork comprising two orillon bastions was built in front of the … with a capital basin and casemates to accommodate the soldiers. Entry was via a spiralling staircase following by a …